Clinical guides
Practical guides to Stewart blood gas interpretation, strong ion gap and mixed acid–base disorders, with worked examples.
Reading an acid–base result
These guides explain how to move from the measurements to the likely processes, check compensation and choose the next investigation. They use the same equations and examples as the calculator.
- Interpreting a blood gas with the Stewart approach
Read pH, SBE and compensation, then use chloride, lactate, albumin and residual charge to explain the metabolic findings.
- SIDa, SIDe and the strong ion gap
How SIG is calculated, why its reference range depends on the method, and which causes to consider when residual anionic charge is raised.
- Recognising mixed acid–base disorders
Worked examples showing mixed disorders despite normal pH, respiratory acidosis at a normal PaCO₂, and opposing metabolic effects.
- Teaching caseLow albumin with a near-normal blood gas
A worked case showing how low albumin offsets acidifying effects, why a normal pH or anion gap can mislead, and what to check next.
- Teaching caseChloride-associated metabolic acidosis
A worked blood gas after saline: low SID, expected respiratory compensation, chloride-related differentials and a residual-gap check.
Adult samples at 37°C. Examples are synthetic. Methods and limitations.